Nike Just Do it advertising campaign analysis Essay

Nike Just Do it promoting effort investigation - Essay Example Significant patterns in promoting Global showcasing has seen a few patterns that have reformed the manners in which organizations educate and convince clients to begin utilizing their items and administrations. One of the patterns is the move from broad communications promoting to specific media that provides food for customized utilization examples and division of the market as far as salary levels, tastes and inclinations (Batra, Myers and Aaker, 2009). For this situation, Just Do it crusade at first centered around the mass market through speaking to target crowd paying little mind to salary, age, and wearing exercises. Be that as it may, Nike moved the battle to specialty markets, for example, games sports, football and youthful age who favor wellness through looking for VIP supports (Batra, Myers and Aaker, 2009). Another pattern is the utilization of information based showcasing instead of center promoting subsequently Nike has moved its endeavors to statistical surveying exerc ises that target distinguishing the buyer wages changes, changes in tastes and inclinations (Shah, K and D’Souza, 2009). As needs be, the web and new media channels like YouTube, direct promoting through messages and computerized stages like twitter and online conversation gatherings have empowered Nike to cut its publicizing costs on conventional media and spotlight on new media channels that evoke high criticism and enthusiasm among customers. Electronic promoting has empowered organizations to arrive at the worldwide market because of case reaction and its capacity to inspire reactions. Another significant pattern in showcasing is the occasion promoting that involves eye to eye discussions by means of public expos, live occasions and corporate gatherings (Carbasho, 2010). Nike utilizes a few games to... This paper Nike ‘Just Do it† promoting effort investigate Nike's business and why it become so effective. Nike planned for achieving a few destinations with the promotion battle. To start with, the organization needed to pick up brand mindfulness and acknowledgment during the wellness rage so as to pick up piece of the overall industry in the American market. Likewise, the organization tried to make great relations with possible purchasers through giving moving messages and urging buyers to seek after their fantasies. Simultaneously, Nike was outfitted at educating the shoppers regarding the advantages of wellness, sports and advantages that could be gotten from buying Nike’s athletic shoes and brandishing attire. As needs be, the utilization of the trademark in product, for example, school packs and jumpers was equipped at making essential interest for the non-game and Nike-related ware advertise through exhibiting the estimation of Nike items. Promoting targets situating the item so as to make an unmistakable impact on the brains of the shoppers and dole out an immaterial incentive to the brand. In like manner, Just Do It advertisement planned for connecting the social way of life in America with the brand’s picture through creation customers comprehend Nike thinks about their wellbeing and prosperity. What's more, Nike planned for winning back the past clients who had moved to contenders like Adidas and limit the current negative mentalities towards Nike items). Nike looked to assemble brand dependability in an amicable way and increment deals among the current purchasers.

The Bank free essay sample

First State Bank of Sinai versus Hyland FACT: For this situation the two sides of the gathering have excellent explanations and realities that either consider them liable or not consider them answerable. With regards to the respondent Mervin Hyland, he says that during the entire time the two promissory notes were being led he was crippled using alcohol when he marked the note. With regards to the offended party First state bank of Sinai, they expressed that he marked a promissory note and sent a check for $900 to pay for enthusiasm on the note. History: This case originally expressed in 1981 on March 10, when Randy Hyland child of Mervin Hyland went into the bank and plunked down with William Buck and executed two promissory notes. One for $6,800 and one for $3,000, the two notes became dued on September 19, 1981. Randy expanded the note once and was approached to have his dad cosign all together for the expansion to occur and his dad marked. We will compose a custom exposition test on The Bank or then again any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The new note due date was April 20, 1982 and it was as yet unpaid. On May 5, 1982 Randy came into the bank, and with him he carried an unlimited free pass with his dads signature. Randy at that point paid $900, which was the intrigue owed and afterward mentioned another augmentation, Buck concurred yet in addition mentioned Mervins signature for another expansion. At that point the new due date was booked for the July 2, 1982, on June 22, 1982 Randy petitioned for financial protection and afterward the two notes was the obligation of Mervin Hyland. Issue: The inquiry that despite everything remains is if Mervin Hyland is answerable for taking care of the $9,800 to the primary state bank of Sinai. Mervin accepts that since he has no information on anything that was going on in light of the fact that he was drinking intensely from the pre-fall to the late-fall, that he ought to be consider liable for anything that s going on. William Buck and the principal state bank of Sinai accept that Mervin Hyland ought to be consider liable for the cash owed thinking about that he finished paperwork for the expansion and the composed a check to pay for the enthusiasm of the notes. Holding: Mervin Hyland was said to need individual consideration and nonparticipation in family life and cultivating business as help for finding the legally binding connection between the gatherings void at its initiation. What's more, it was additionally held that the main state bank of Sinai had neglected to show Mervins ensuing sanction of the agreement. After that eing said the primary state bank of Sinai, at that point claims the Judgment for Mervin Hyland. Thinking: What was use to arrive at the finish of the choices for the decision of the Mervin Hyland, was that he was not in the correct perspective to settle on such choices with respect to the two notes. By Mervin Hyland being tanked constantly and his child getting his to sign the promissory notes he had no genuine information on what was happening at that point. Result: An official choice that that Mervin Hyland was answerable for the reimbursement signed for the notes and that he paid the enthusiasm for the notes.

Did Temperament Shape Catharine Parr Traill and Susanna Moodie Attitude

Thinking back to the 1830’s when it was inconceivable to travel for a considerable length of time to an outside nation so uncultivated; two naã ¯ve sisters did only that. The Backwoods of Canada is a clear, reasonable record consented of letters composed back home of Catharine Parr Traill’s first years in Canada. Improvising in the Bush is a clever, personal story composed by her more youthful sister, Susanna Moodie. The two sisters came to Canada with the comparative desires to improve their chance in the social stepping stool in the public eye. My objective in this paper is to show how [t]heir mentality to turning out to be pioneers was molded by their dispositions. Catharine’s disposition is one calm acknowledgment and is reflected in her simple composition, while Susanna’s mentality initially seems to have an edgier, less hopeful point of view toward her new country, however she conceals it with a dry comical inclination in style and exchange while co nsidering her Canadian experience. I will contrast the sisters foundation quickly with show their disposition before coming to Canada. I will examine how decisions made molded both the sisters starting achievement and inability to Upper Canada. At last, I will analyze the distinctions in the sisters mentalities and how it is reflected in both their books. Upon assessment, we initially should take a gander at the sisters’ demeanor and mentality towards life. Their demeanor on life turns out in their composition and we can detect how they would see their new country, Canada in the 1832. Catharine, the senior by 23 months was viewed as the â€Å"sweet-tempered and peaceful, was her father’s most loved child,† and Susanna, the most youthful, â€Å"was the hasty and rebellious [one], with a devilish feeling of humour† (Gray, 17, 18). Both sisters’ characteristics are unmistakably uncovered in their methodology t... ...that was uncensored and practical of her encounters as a country pioneer with a ranch. Catharine unquestionably had the simpler time and it appears in her language with her self evident truth account that was composed to enable other ladies become effective pioneers (to reference). In the wake of exploring these two sisters, I understand that the two of them had determination past what I would have the option to suffer on the off chance that I were in both of their shoes. Works Cited Parr Traill, Catharine. â€Å"The Backwoods of Canada.† An Anthology of Canadian Literature in English. third ed. Ed.Donna Bennett, and Russell Brown. Wear Mills, ON:Oxford, 2010, 102-108, Print. Moodie, Susanna. â€Å"Roughing It in the Bush.† An Anthology of Canadian Literature in English. third ed. Ed.Donna Bennett, and Russell Brown. Wear Mills, ON:Oxford, 2010, 102-108, Print. Dark, Charlotte. Sisters In The Wilderness. Toronto: Penguin, 1999. Print

The Atkins Diet Versus Low-Fat Diets Essay -- Health Nutrition Diet Ex

The Atkins Diet Versus Low-Fat Diets         The Atkins diet and the USDA prescribed low-fat eating regimen appear to be on the contrary sides of the eating routine range. These two eating regimens have numerous contrasts and no evident likenesses, other than the objective of losing weight. These distinctions incorporate the aftereffects of the eating regimens, conceivable symptoms, and the speculations behind the weight control plans. The Atkins diet prescribes decreasing starch admission so as to get in shape. Then again, the low-fat eating routine prescribes diminishing caloric admission to lose weight; particularly the calories from fat. The Atkins diet and the low- fat eating routine vary in the strategies behind their weight control plans, the outcomes that members experience while on the eating routine and the conceivable symptoms connected to the eating regimen.         The techniques behind the Atkins diet and the low-fat eating regimen contrast widely. The Atkins diet depends on the hypothesis that a decrease in sugar admission will bring down the dieter’s body weight. The suggested measure of starches for this eating routine is 20 grams for the main period of the eating regimen. During the second phase of the eating routine, members are urged to expand their starch admission by 5 grams consistently until their weight reduction has halted. Generally the admission of starches stays under 30 grams every day for the term of the eating routine. The remainder of the eating regimen comprises of a boundless measure of protein and fat. On the other hand, the low-fat eating regimen limits caloric admission around 2,000 calories (contingent upon your age, sex, and stature) so as to lose weight. Inside the dieter’s confined measure of calories; 30% of the generally calories can be from fat, 10% from protein, and 60 % from sugars. On a 2,000 calorie diet, this wo... ...n negative side impacts because of the absence of fiber through organic products, vegetables and grains; though those on low-fat weight control plans have demonstrated the positive symptom of a brought down danger of coronary illness.         The Atkins diet and the low-fat eating regimen show contrasts in their strategy for weight reduction, the present moment and long haul aftereffects of their eating regimen furthermore, the symptoms that are brought about by the technique for the eating regimen. The Atkins diet underscores the decrease of sugars from the eating regimen in request to get in shape; while the low-fat eating routine underscores the decrease of calories, particularly those high in fat. The Atkins technique appears to cause more weight reduction than the low-fat eating regimen inside the initial 3-6 months in any case, shows comparative misfortune following a year. In any case, this expanded weight reduction from the get-go in the eating routine is joined by more negative reactions than the low- fat eating regimen.

Theatre and Other Arts- Theatre Challenges

Theater and Other Arts †Theater Challenges Theater is a shared structure ofâ fine artâ that utilizes live entertainers to introduce the experience of a genuine or envisioned occasion before a live crowd in a particular spot. Theater has existed since the beginning of man, because of human propensity for narrating. The entertainers may impart this experience to the crowd through blends of motion, discourse, melody, music or move. The most significant component of theater is the crowd, which can make the presentation or break it down.Theatrical craftsmanship is finished by individuals and for individuals. Theater assumes a significant job in the entire society, it is fairly powerful, and truth be told, it has an incredible effect upon individuals, both positive and negative. The auditorium has been demonstrated to be pedantic †it is one of the best stylish and instructive quality. The primary points of theater are: to speak to the hearts of the crowd; to include them into t he climate of workmanship; to connect with them sincerely and let them rest and be engaged in the manner they want.The first performance centers were intentionally made for amusement and everyone was permitted to go to it. In some time the workmanship in theater was done uniquely for a world class, however today theater centers around the various crowds attempting to make everyone engaged with the craftsmanship. Russian acclaimed artist Vladimir Mayakovski once said that â€Å"Theatre is certifiably not a reflecting mirror yet an amplifying glass†. The job of Theater in Society is turned into a mean of imparting society, helped us come to see increasingly about mankind, our expectations and fears and assisted with getting ourselves and the bigger world around. Theater is changing.The customary standard is continually returned to with an open-minded perspective and new composing keeps on flourishing, with new plays getting a charge out of full houses. It appears to be basic to stay upon theater and different expressions, theater and cutting edge landscape as all difficulties have significant effect upon it. Trials have started in computerized broadcasting. Without a doubt, that probably the best danger confronting theater is TV. In any case, TV isn't just a helpful wellspring of amusement, yet additionally a similarly modest one. Numerous individuals don't comprehend that the venue is the parent of new sensational forms.Without a living theater where scholars, chiefs, planners and entertainers could become familiar with their employments, motion pictures and TV plays would be exceptionally rough in reality. Shockingly the well off associations answerable for movies, radio and TV, have helped themselves generously to the ability the venue has prepared however have given it little consequently. Truth be told their opposition has made the situation of the theater which has no state support unmistakably more problematic than it used to be, and has made busin ess theater chiefs more hesitant than any other time in recent memory to explore Another danger is for the most part observed from the sides of radio, film and the Internet.While the circumstance with film and radio are almost equivalent to with the TV, the situation with the Internet requests to have a more intensive gander at the issue. The presence of wide access to the Internet and advanced innovation will undoubtedly affect live theater or, in any event, on our response to it. At the point when we can see the best online all the appeal of going out loses its exquisiteness. Computerized developments made us lazier in spite of the fact that being said to spare our time. Radio is the auditorium of the brain; TV is the venue of the mindless† (Steve Allen) In end I’d like to state that venue is the enchanted spot where man meets his picture and has the similar correspondence with the workmanship and entertainers. All things considered, it is hard to overestimate the job of workmanship and theater in our lives. What's to come is loaded with potential outcomes, yet it likewise requests more from theater pioneers and their projects than any time in recent memory. The weight on theater associations keep on expanding, that’s why they keep on finding better approaches to draw in and connect with individuals all the more generally.

Should Children Take Antidepressants

Should Children Take Antidepressants Depression Treatment Medication Print Should Children Take Antidepressants? By Leonard Holmes Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Aron Janssen, MD on November 27, 2019 linkedin Aron Janssen, MD is board certified in child, adolescent, and adult psychiatry and is the vice chair of child and adolescent psychiatry Northwestern University.   Learn about our Medical Review Board Aron Janssen, MD on November 27, 2019 Depression Overview Types Symptoms Causes & Risk Factors Diagnosis Treatment Coping ADA & Your Rights Depression in Kids Kaori Ando/Getty Images While antidepressants have been shown to be effective in treating major depression and anxiety in children and teens, they need to be used cautiously and monitored closely to make sure there are no serious side effects. What to Do If Your Child Is Anxious or Depressed Before your child starts on an antidepressant, its best to have a complete physical examination to rule out any physical causes of depression or anxiety. If the physical exam turns out fine, the next step is to have a psychiatric evaluation done by a pediatrician, family doctor, psychiatrist or psychologist, preferably one who specializes in pediatric mental health. This evaluation will include important information such as family history, behaviors you notice in your child and any risk factors there might be for him to hurt himself. Understanding all of these issues will help you and your mental health professional decide on the best course of action for your child, which may or may not include antidepressants. Getting Your Child Started on Antidepressants If you and your physician decide that an antidepressant is necessary, your child will start on the lowest possible dose, to begin with. This may have to be adjusted if its not helping your childs symptoms. The risk for suicidal thoughts and/or behavior is greatest during the first couple months of starting an antidepressant,?? as well as if the dose is increased or decreased, so be particularly observant of your childs behavior during these times. Your mental health professional will likely want to monitor your child fairly closely at first as well.   Antidepressants Approved for Children There are two antidepressants that the FDA has approved for use in children or teens to treat depression: Prozac (fluoxetine) for kids 8 and older and Lexapro (escitalopram) for kids 12 and older.?? Additionally, Zoloft (sertraline), Luvox (fluvoxamine) and Anafranil (clomipramine) have been approved along with Prozac to treat kids with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).?? Just because a medication is not FDA-approved doesnt mean that your doctor wont prescribe it, however, particularly if you have an older child. Physicians often prescribe other antidepressants for children and teens that are not FDA-approved because they have been proven to be effective and fairly safe. Be sure to read the medication guide that comes with your childs antidepressant to find out more information, such as risks, side effects, and cautions. Serious Side Effects The most serious potential side effect of antidepressant use in people under 25 is that some data has shown that starting selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) may worsen suicidal thoughts.?? This side effect is rare, but its serious enough that the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) placed a black box warning about it on every prescription antidepressant. Also, dealing with depression in and of itself can cause suicidal thoughts and/or behavior, which is yet another reason antidepressants should be considered carefully for moderate to severe depression with the help of your doctor. The benefits of using antidepressants usually outweigh the potential problems as they can be extremely helpful in an uplifting mood and lessening anxiety. Signs of Suicidal Thoughts in Children Warning signs of suicidal thoughts may not be very obvious, which is why you need to watch your child closely when she first starts on an antidepressant or whenever her dosage is changed. Warning signs may include:?? Becoming increasingly sadderPanic attacksTalking about dyingBecoming anxious or more anxious than beforeBeing restless and agitatedDeveloping problems at school or with friends or siblingsIncreasing isolationTrying to hurt himselfNoticeably talking or moving around moreBecoming violent, aggressive, or mean If you see any of these signs in your child, particularly if they are new or noticeably worse than before, be sure to talk to your doctor as soon as possible. A Word From Verywell In general, antidepressants are safe and effective to treat depression and anxiety in children and teenagers, especially when combined with psychotherapy.?? Also, keep in mind that antidepressant use is often temporary and may just be needed for a short time. If your child has mild depression, psychotherapy may be all they need to help their symptoms improve. However, if the depression is severe or not responding to psychotherapy, an antidepressant may be needed to help your child live the best and  most fulfilling life they can. If you have concerns and questions, be sure to discuss them with a mental health professional.

Analysis of Dulce et Decorum Est - Free Essay Example

Dulce et Decorum est is a sonnet, which largely follows the iambic pentameter. It was written by Wilfred Owen a soldier who fought in the first modern war, World War I. It is four stanzas and 27 lines in length. World War I was the deadliest war ever at that point in human history, Wilfred Owen composes a poem with poetic language, such as similes and imagery, to express condemnation of the war and on those who proclaim The old Lie: Dulce et decorum est pro patria mori. Dulce et Decorum Est is very much a literal poem, so while rich in similes there are few extended metaphors. The many similes all serve a purpose in getting the reader to understand the severity of the war. Each are evocative and powerful. Such as like old beggars under sacks, Owens language here deprives the soldiers of human dignity and health. They are like unto the old and homeless, dispossessed and living a life begging. Also the line floundring like a man in fire or lime describes what it was like to be poisoned by the gas shells. This abomination is something Owen surely must have witnessed. He goes on to describe that same scene As under a green sea, I saw him drowning. It is probably the reality that Owen saw many fellow soldiers perish from the poisonous gas. And hear he likens it to drowning, in which someone naturally holds their breath until their brain forces an involuntary breath that leads to their inevitable doom and intense suffering. Owens use of imagery drags the reader into the dreary situation. The cry Gas! Gas! Quick, boys!, makes the reader feel as if they are one of the soldiers. An ecstasy of fumbling, Fitting the clumsy helmets just in time is where one can feel the intense moment of desperation when the gas quickly begins to envelop them, and they must get their mask on or perish by a terrible death, and on a side note, An ecstasy of fumbling is a beautiful use of irony. His description of the soldier who fails to put on his gas mask quick enough feels so real and is truly terrifying and utterly revolting, the white eyes writhing in his face the blood come gargling from the forth-corrupted lungs. This was truly an offensive sight for the mind, and you can almost hear what is happening as if you are there. Other lines evoke more pain and suffering like, bitter as the cud/Of vile incurable sores, incurable has a finality to it, those who have the sores will perish. Owen actually uses a farming image there as well. cud is half-digested pasture chewed by cattle. And in that sentence, Owen equates humans with animals, as well as conveying the burning effect of the mans blood which has been contaminated by the gas inhalation. The overriding theme and the message Owen wants to convey is death and decay. The poem builds upon the despicable abomination that was World War One and the horrific conditions which the soldiers are in to put forth this message, that if you had witness the horrors of the war, you would not tell with such high zest to childrenThe old Lie: Dulce et decorum est Pro patria mori. Here he addresses those who are in the home front of the war, those who have not experienced the horrors yet tempt young boys with the prize of glory if they fight and perhaps die for their country. Wilfred Owen was probably one of these boys seeking glory, since he enlisted himself to fight in the war. Because of his experiences, Owen now condemns the war. Dulce et Decorum Est is his testimony of this. He is quite successful with his use of the poetic language in conveying the message of the brutality of this war. He uses real and terrifying experiences to perfectly showcase the foolishness of such a war. A war that would have been prevented quite easily if not for the ineptness and pride of the world leaders at the time. There were seventeen million deaths in this war, and it is what I think to be the greatest mistake in human history.

Corporate Social Responsibility ( Csr ) - 1211 Words

CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) Corporate Social Responsibility encompasses a â€Å"corporation’s social, ethical and environmental obligations to its constituencies and greater society,† and prompts corporate leadership to â€Å"look beyond its traditional bottom line, but at the social implications of its business.† It demonstrates a corporation’s â€Å"respect for society’s interests†¦by taking ownership of the effect its operational activities have on key constituencies including customers, employees, shareholders, communities and the environment.† Put differently, CSR involves â€Å"voluntary and proactive† actions that are relevant to the corporation, integrated into its business model and â€Å"focus on long-term success and sustainability, rather†¦show more content†¦The case provides a compelling illustration of how CSR challenges may jeopardize the sustainability of a clever marketing strategy. STAKEHOLDERS AND THEIR INTEREST Key Stakeholders: Parties: Interest: The Company Fiji Water LLC, Natural Waters (Subsidiary) Profit, Environment and the Society. Governments Fiji, US, UK, Australian, Mexican Increased revenue to government and improved social welfare for her citizens. Environmental groups London Remade, WaterAid, Green wash Brigade Climate change –cutting down of carbon emission Conservation groups World wide fund, Corporate Accountability International, Food and Water Watch Friendly environment-prevention of environmental degradation. Communities Draunivi, Togovere, Naseyani, Nananu Rabulu Improved standard of living- Jobs, Education, Health care. Other Industry Players VTY, Island Chill, Aqua Pacific, Diamond Aqua e.t.c Abolition of the 20-cents-per-litre tax Regime. Suppliers Cadbury Schweppes, Brio Industries Payments. Customers Celebrities, hotels, restaurants, Gourmet, Supermarkets, Chefs Product and service at an affordable rate. COMPANY OVERVIEW ïÆ'Ëœ 1993: Fiji water was formed in 1993 (under the name Nature’s Best) by David Gilmour. ïÆ'Ëœ 1996: Establishment of Fiji water’s headquarters in Basalt, Colorado. ïÆ'Ëœ 1996:Show MoreRelatedCorporate Social Responsibility And Csr1566 Words   |  7 PagesSocial responsibility or also called Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)- is the firm’s engagement (voluntarily initiated) in and its compliance (legally mandated) to environmental, social, and governance issues (The Foundation, 2014). Also, is based on stakeholder’s needs being financially sustainable, and CSR can come from both corporate or not-to-profit organizations. CSR has seven categories; Leadership, vision and values; Marketplace activities; Workforce activities; Supply chain activities;Read MoreCorporate Social Responsibility ( Csr )1167 Words   |  5 PagesCorporate Social Responsibility Introduction Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a concept which is also known as corporate citizenship, corporate conscience or in a simple way a responsible business. It is an integrated concept of self-regulatory business model for any organisation. Corporate Social Responsibility has been in practice for more than fifty years now, which has been adopted not only by domestic companies but also by transnational company with voluntary CSR initiativesRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility : Csr1232 Words   |  5 PagesCorporate social responsibility has become a buzzword within the industry in the last few years. Following the financial market crash investors and stakeholders began looking at corporations to act more socially responsible. 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CSR policy functions as a self-regulatoryRead MoreCsr : Corporate Social Responsibility Essay1285 Words   |  6 PagesCSR stands for Corporate Social Responsibility and it is a concept with many definitions and practices and also a buzzword in the media. In general, corporate social responsibility is the policies and progra ms of business corporations which tend to benefit society while improving a corporation’s public image and profitability at the same time. The meaning of it is implemented in different countries and companies differently. Warren Buffet said that it takes 20 years to build a reputation and onlyRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility ( Csr )863 Words   |  4 Pagestechnology in the last century. The term of Corporate Social Responsibility appears more often into public’s concerned and it has become a hot issue in recent years. This essay is going to discuss and provide an overview of corporate social responsibility (CSR) by debate some key issue in this area. 1.2 What is Corporate Social Responsibility? In 1953, Bowen’s Social Responsibility of the Businessman firstly discusses the idea of corporate social responsibility. He states the relationship between societyRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility ( Csr )1314 Words   |  6 PagesSocial responsibility has become a primal interest to the humankind for the past two decades. In the earlier days, the firms and organizations concentrated only on the financial part of the business and ignored the ethical, social and moral sectors. But in the recent times, the businesses are getting a grip of the significance of the social, ecological and environmental effects on their success. This has resulted in the emerging interactions between organizations and social segments thus giving riseRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility ( Csr )1173 Words   |  5 Pages Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is highly important to Millennials. If a company is lacking a CSR plan, now it a good time to start one. Millennials are looking for ways in making a positive impact on the world and are expecting the same from companies. They are looking for companies that contribute to the betterment of communities and the environment. Millennials put great value in supporting such brands, companies and organizations that share these values. Companies without a CSR in placeRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility : Csr979 Words   |  4 PagesThe notion of Corporate Social Responsibility is a phenomenon globally known for many years. In spite of the fact that CSR has been neglected for quite a long time, nowadays several authors deal with this issue, as revealed by the development of theories in recent years concerning the topic. In spite of the fact that there has been a huge growth of literature it is still impossible to simply define CSR. Many definitions trying to capture the concept of CSR exist, but their content varies (MattenRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility ( Csr )1370 Words   |  6 Pagesmore attention on the concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). The core issue is the appropriate responsibility of business. In as much as firms ought to obey the law, but beyond complete compliance with environmental laws, the question is whether firms have extra social responsibilities to commit part of their resources to environmental preservation voluntarily. This memo provides an exploratory investigation of the link between corporate social responsibility and the benefits accruing to a

Gender Inequality Still Exists Essay - 1281 Words

Gender Inequality still exists quot;Is there any difference between the education acquired by men and women in college?quot; My answer to that question would be that although the quot;brick wallquot; ( Forum 1) in education has been broken, we still have another, invisible barrier called the quot;glass ceiling.quot; ( Forum 1) Most people would say that education has changed a great deal since women began to attend institutions of higher learning. Is this completely true? Women have undoubtedly made quot;Substantial educational progress.quot; ( Women 3) We should not forget that the large gaps between the education levels of women and men in the early 1970s essentially disappeared for the younger generation. Females on average†¦show more content†¦Even after acquiring a degree that woman most likely will continue to be a victim of sexism in the workplace. quot;Female college graduates earn, on average, salaries that are eighty percent of what their male counterparts receivequot; (232) The glass ceiling does not allow women to reach higher positions in their careers. At the same time this allows males with the same education to have more power and prestige in the same company. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Even if a woman survives through a quot;malequot; oriented type of career and achieves the best in this field of study there will always be sexism. In todays society females are raised to be dainty and lady like, men on the other hand are raised to be strong and to never show weakness. Since the beginning of their lives, children are socialized into playing a certain role in society. Girls are dressed in pink and boys are dressed in blue this acts as a form of identification. Everyone around them automatically assumes the childs gender, thus affecting the way that people look at the child. Boys play with cars and trucks and girls usually play with dolls. This is an example of something referred to as socialization, which leads girls and boys to be raised with different beliefs. This is the norm in most societies and it follows people throughout their lives. Women were not considered physiologically equal to men. Male dominance came from a belief that males were genetically predisposed to beShow MoreRelatedWhy Race and Gender Inequality Still Exist1101 Words   |  4 Pagescenturies ago, but inequalities between gender and race continue to exist. To analyze why gender and racial inequalities prevail, human capital theory and functionalism take into account cultural, historical, and economic factors. In my opinion, the human capital theory presents a more persuasive reason. Although race and gender inequalities in the United States have diminished in the past few centuries, many aspects of these inequalities still persist today. Race and gender inequalities are covert, andRead MoreGender Inequality: To What Extent Does It Still Exist Today1257 Words   |  6 PagesGender Inequality: To What Extent Does it Still Exist Today? Throughout history, womens roles in society have been different than those of mens. Women’s jobs were generally connected to their traditional roles of caring for the home, raising children, making clothes, and cooking food, while men were the breadwinners in the families. Women had been brought up to become mothers (as well as nurturers) while men were brought up to become entrepreneurs and businessmen. It was not until the 1950s thatRead MoreEssay on Gender Inequality Still Exists in Modern Society677 Words   |  3 Pagesbetween men and women is fuelling a never ending war between genders. There are still doubts that women are not equal to men; even though people try to convince themselves otherwise, we are faced with day to day situations that prove that women are not equal to men. For example: working in a men’s environment, doing as you please with your sexuality and segregation by nature. Though most men have full respect for women, there is still a lot of conf lict in the male perception of the real role a womanRead MoreInequality Discrimination On The Workplace1607 Words   |  7 PagesNowadays, with increasing variety in organizations, several inequalities in the workplace have happened. In spite of the regulation policies which have limited inequalities on the workplace, it still exists, because of personal characteristics, such as gender, age and different race (Allan, C Mcphail, R Wilkinson, A 2008, p. 225). Inequality in the workplaces can be defined as the unfair discrimination relating to things, such as wage differentials between men and women, unfair practices andRead MoreGender inequality is well reflected in our society today and has900 Words   |  4 PagesGender   inequality   is   well   reflected   in   our   society   today   and   has   been   going   on    for   years.   Gender   has   its   difference   but   along   the   way   the   judgment   of   sex,   gender    and   gender   roles   has   a   lot   to   deal   with   the   gender   inequalities.   These   aspects   make    up   the   social   problems   towards   discrimination.   The   gender   roles   play   a   significant   Read MoreThroughout Centuries Gender Has Been A Social Construct1363 Words   |  6 Pages Throughout centuries gender has been a social construct that enforces gender norms and as a result, gender inequality was born. Gender inequality has prevailed and can be observed throughout most cultures, education, labor force, and in our own personal lives. At a very young age we are introduced to a gender identity based upon the sex we were born with. Girls are associated with the color pink, dolls, nurturing tendencies, and inclined to be more emotional. While boys are associated with theRead MoreGender Discrimination And The Workplace1356 Words   |  6 Pages2.1 Introduction For many decades now it has been said that there has been inequality in the workplace, it has been a major issue in the workplace in terms of women not being allowed to have certain jobs as well as in terms of women not being promoted within the workplace which all contributes to women being paid less than men. According to Ryan and Branscombe (2013), gender discrimination has been defined as the differential treatment members of one group receive compared to another by many socialRead MoreGender Inequality in Workforce904 Words   |  4 Pageschanges occurred in the Australian gender order (ibid.). Even though men are the dominant gender in the workforce, due to globalization, women gained more opportunity to have jobs in the workforce (Jones 1983). In addition, there are increasing number of women in Australian workforce after World War 2 (Broomhill and Sharp 2005). But still gender inequality has been ongoing debate in the workforce for many years (Lannin 2009). Many people argue that there are inequality in earnings and glass ceiling (ibidRead MoreGender Inequality : A Social Problem1728 Words   |  7 Pagesa social problem exists, came to be and where its future lies. The best explanation on why gender inequality is, always has been, and will continue to be a social problem is from the functionalist perspective. Functionalist focus on how a society creates the social problem and then analyzes how and why the social issue has been maintained over the years. The objective reality is that gender inequality has and always will be a major issue in society. The scope of gender inequality has changed drasticallyRead MoreThe Wage Gap Between Men And Women Essay1507 Words   |  7 Pages It is a known fact that women faced inequality in the past, however, it is arguable whether they still face inequality today. When bringing statistics to the table, there is a wage gap between men and women. This is caused by many things. For one, women have tended to excee d men when it comes to education. However, men still tend to receive better jobs with higher pay. This is because gender inequality. There is also inequality inside of the work place. Men tend to receive more promotional opportunities

Information To Those Who Would Remove To America Essay

Information to those who would remove to America By: Benjamin Franklin At a time of hardship and human progression in North America especially in the 1700’s one name specifically shines out amongst all others. That name is Benjamin Franklin; a visionary inventor, politician, and true American hero. In the late 1700’s, precisely 1784, Benjamin Franklin wrote an informative essay titled, Information to Those Who Would Remove to America. It was printed out as a pamphlet for people in Europe to clarify the endless rumors about America being the land of dreams and fantasy. He clearly states what’s needed and wanted in America, and what’s not welcomed there. The essay also shows us how American culture is portrayed and what they hold†¦show more content†¦We can see that Franklin is stressing the fact that they need people who can work and that can be an asset to society, and an emphasis on how aesthetic beauty isn’t part of their culture; but practicality is. 3. ‘Strangers of Birth must be greatly respected, and of course easily obtain the best of those Offices’ and ‘Of civil Offices or Employments there are few; no superfluous Ones as in Europe;’ The third rumor was to put to rest, the fact that you were born into nobility, doesn’t mean we’ll hire you to work in our government. Also, there were so many offices in America waiting to be filled – this was false. In a way, Franklin was almost mocking the Europeans on how they have so many people doing useless things, and not just have a few good men doing the country’s job. 4. ‘But give land gratis to Strangers, with Negroes to work for them, Utensils of Husbandry, Stocks of Cattle.’ Finally, many people in Europe believed that if you were to move to America, the government will give you land, free transportation from Europe to America, negroes that will work for you, and farming needs such as tools and livestock. It was a firm belief in America that hard work was valued, perhaps that was something passed on from the Puritans. People who migrated there had to work hard, it wasn’t a red carpet waiting for you there; but a clean slate where you can start from scratch and build your own dreams and aspirations. From reading BenShow MoreRelatedInformation to Those Who Would Remove to America†1564 Words   |  7 Pageslate 1700’s Benjamin Franklin wrote a document called â€Å"Information to Those Who Would Remove to America† it was a document that was a response to rumors that were floating around Europe during this time. Franklin was trying to let people know that America was not a land of the rich. It was a type of warning to the people of Europe that if they wanted to come here it was anything but easy, and things were not given out like hand outs. America at this time was anything but a simple place to live, itRead MoreInformation to Those Who Would Remove to America Essay911 Words   |  4 PagesInformation to those who would remove to America By: Benjamin Franklin At a time of hardship and human progression in North America especially in the 1700’s one name specifically shines out amongst all others. That name is Benjamin Franklin; a visionary inventor, politician, and true American hero. In the late 1700’s, precisely 1784, Benjamin Franklin wrote an informative essay titled, Information to Those Who Would Remove to America. It was printed out as a pamphlet for people in EuropeRead MoreA Model Of Christian Charity, By Herman Melville1659 Words   |  7 Pages1630 sermon, â€Å"A Model of Christian Charity,† but Benjamin Franklin describes in his 1784 essay, â€Å"Information to Those Who Would Remove to America.† Delano hails from the city of Duxbury in Massachusetts and in 1799, he sets out with his crew on another voyage where they encounter a Spanish vessel that has been seized by the negro slaves on board (Melville 35). Delano is a hardworking, self-made man who believes in Christian charity. The ideals Melville wrote about, such as hard work, honesty and ChristianRead MoreAmerican Ideology By Benjamin Franklin1084 Words   |  5 Pagesarrived in America, American ideology began to form and has expanded since. American ideology simply canno t be described in a mere few words, but in Benjamin Franklin’s â€Å"Information to Those Who Would Remove to America† and Washington Irving’s â€Å"Rip Van Winkle† utility plays a part and impacts the building up of American ideology by not only forming the basis for success in the colonies, but even in the present day. In Benjamin Franklin’s â€Å"Information to Those Who Would Remove to America,† FranklinRead MoreHow Much Are Americans Hiding?1690 Words   |  7 Pagesdays it is hard to hide any personal information.   It is as easy as searching a person’s name in Google to find out any information needed about a certain individual. This allows any records to be available to be seen online, and a person’s past to remain apart of their future, or their internet search. Europeans on the other hand, can hide whatever they want on the internet with the â€Å"right to be forgotten,† requesting Google to take off any unwanted information from their search engine at any timeRead MoreShipping American Jobs Overseas Essay1021 Words   |  5 PagesShipping American Jobs Overseas Did you know that â€Å"the nation has lost more than 2.5 million manufacturing jobs and more than 850,000 professional service and information sector jobs, due to overseas shipping since 2001? (Aflcio)† It is clear to me that some big business companies don’t value the protection of employees very highly. By some big business, ill single one out and state that Goldman Sachs has shipped approximately 500,000 American jobs overseas in the past few years. That’s about halfRead MoreEthics in Corporate Communicatons Essay1137 Words   |  5 PagesCode of Ethics – Assignment 2 Andrea Denette March 18, 2015 Integrated Corporate Communication, Comm 3010 Paul Lindsley, M.A., ABC The word ethics has many definitions depending on who you are speaking with and if it is business related. One person may tell you that ethics has to do with what is right and wrong. Another may say it has to do with that law of the land. In fact there are many interpretations and definitions for ethics. In Corporate Communications there is a totally differentRead MorePortable Personal Water Filter is an Essential in Todays Home1250 Words   |  5 Pagesa privately held company and therefore the financial information is unavailable. (aquamira.com/consumer) The H2O Survival Straw is compact and light weight with an overall length of 6.25 inches and a weighing in at less than two ounces. The filtration technology is a two stage hierarchical filtration system and a third layer attachment for turbid water with the ability to filter out particles larger than .01 microns. The Survival Straw removes things such as: bacteria, protozoa, cysts, algae, sporesRead MoreThe Field Of Community Mental Health890 Words   |  4 Pagesmental health, where the concept of, â€Å"a job for life† is a ridiculous one. I completely understand that most of those who work in education would consider my previous statement a form of blasphemy, however I still attempt to take up and support my position. The history of education reveals that tenure held a much needed place in the development of education in general. Anyone who understands history at all can imagine a teacher or professor being exiled, ridiculed, or even killed for speakingRead MoreStudy Strategies For Health Education876 Words   |  4 Pagesreluctant to provide personal information regarding their health care, which hinders them to participate in health programs. The focus in the clinical practice would be to reduce health care disparities and address the barriers that affect the individual’s health care outcomes. The most important strategy to promote health education is to be culturally sensitive, which includes as a clinician to have knowledge with social-cultural, religious, healthcare issues, and remove barriers that impede the Information to Those Who Would Remove to America Essay Information to those who would remove to America By: Benjamin Franklin At a time of hardship and human progression in North America especially in the 1700’s one name specifically shines out amongst all others. That name is Benjamin Franklin; a visionary inventor, politician, and true American hero. In the late 1700’s, precisely 1784, Benjamin Franklin wrote an informative essay titled, Information to Those Who Would Remove to America. It was printed out as a pamphlet for people in Europe to clarify the endless rumors about America being the land of dreams and fantasy. He clearly states what’s needed and wanted in America, and what’s not welcomed there. The essay also shows us how American culture is portrayed and what they hold†¦show more content†¦3. ‘Strangers of Birth must be greatly respected, and of course easily obtain the best of those Offices’ and ‘Of civil Offices or Employments there are few; no superfluous Ones as in Europe;’ The third rumor was to put to rest, the fact that you were born into nobility, doesn’t mean we’ll hire you to work in our government. Also, there were so many offices in America waiting to be filled – this was false. In a way, Franklin was almost mocking the Europeans on how they have so many people doing useless things, and not just have a few good men doing the country’s job. 4. ‘But give land gratis to Strangers, with Negroes to work for them, Utensils of Husbandry, Stocks of Cattle.’ Finally, many people in Europe believed that if you were to move to America, the government will give you land, free transportation from Europe to America, negroes that will work for you, and farming needs such as tools and livestock. It was a firm belief in America that hard work was valued, perhaps that was something passed on from the Puritans. People who migrated there had to work hard, it wasn’t a red carpet waiting for you there; but a clean slate where you can start from scratch and build your own dreams and aspirations. From reading Ben Franklin’s essay, it tells us a lot about who he was, and how America was at the time. He felt that it was needed to refute the rumors and give evidences about everything he wrote about. They also had different terminologies and ideals from peopleShow MoreRelatedInformation to Those Who Would Remove to Ame rica†1564 Words   |  7 Pageslate 1700’s Benjamin Franklin wrote a document called â€Å"Information to Those Who Would Remove to America† it was a document that was a response to rumors that were floating around Europe during this time. Franklin was trying to let people know that America was not a land of the rich. It was a type of warning to the people of Europe that if they wanted to come here it was anything but easy, and things were not given out like hand outs. America at this time was anything but a simple place to live, itRead MoreInformation To Those Who Would Remove To America Essay886 Words   |  4 PagesInformation to those who would remove to America By: Benjamin Franklin At a time of hardship and human progression in North America especially in the 1700’s one name specifically shines out amongst all others. That name is Benjamin Franklin; a visionary inventor, politician, and true American hero. In the late 1700’s, precisely 1784, Benjamin Franklin wrote an informative essay titled, Information to Those Who Would Remove to America. It was printed out as a pamphlet for people in EuropeRead MoreA Model Of Christian Charity, By Herman Melville1659 Words   |  7 Pages1630 sermon, â€Å"A Model of Christian Charity,† but Benjamin Franklin describes in his 1784 essay, â€Å"Information to Those Who Would Remove to America.† Delano hails from the city of Duxbury in Massachusetts and in 1799, he sets out with his crew on another voyage where they encounter a Spanish vessel that has been seized by the negro slaves on board (Melville 35). Delano is a hardworking, self-made man who believes in Christian charity. The ideals Melville wrote about, such as hard work, honesty and ChristianRead MoreAmerican Ideology By Benjamin Franklin1084 Words   |  5 Pagesarrived in America, American ideology began to form and has expanded since. American ideology simply canno t be described in a mere few words, but in Benjamin Franklin’s â€Å"Information to Those Who Would Remove to America† and Washington Irving’s â€Å"Rip Van Winkle† utility plays a part and impacts the building up of American ideology by not only forming the basis for success in the colonies, but even in the present day. In Benjamin Franklin’s â€Å"Information to Those Who Would Remove to America,† FranklinRead MoreHow Much Are Americans Hiding?1690 Words   |  7 Pagesdays it is hard to hide any personal information.   It is as easy as searching a person’s name in Google to find out any information needed about a certain individual. This allows any records to be available to be seen online, and a person’s past to remain apart of their future, or their internet search. Europeans on the other hand, can hide whatever they want on the internet with the â€Å"right to be forgotten,† requesting Google to take off any unwanted information from their search engine at any timeRead MoreShipping American Jobs Overseas Essay1021 Words   |  5 PagesShipping American Jobs Overseas Did you know that â€Å"the nation has lost more than 2.5 million manufacturing jobs and more than 850,000 professional service and information sector jobs, due to overseas shipping since 2001? (Aflcio)† It is clear to me that some big business companies don’t value the protection of employees very highly. By some big business, ill single one out and state that Goldman Sachs has shipped approximately 500,000 American jobs overseas in the past few years. That’s about halfRead MoreEthics in Corporate Communicatons Essay1137 Words   |  5 PagesCode of Ethics – Assignment 2 Andrea Denette March 18, 2015 Integrated Corporate Communication, Comm 3010 Paul Lindsley, M.A., ABC The word ethics has many definitions depending on who you are speaking with and if it is business related. One person may tell you that ethics has to do with what is right and wrong. Another may say it has to do with that law of the land. In fact there are many interpretations and definitions for ethics. In Corporate Communications there is a totally differentRead MorePortable Personal Water Filter is an Essential in Todays Home1250 Words   |  5 Pagesa privately held company and therefore the financial information is unavailable. (aquamira.com/consumer) The H2O Survival Straw is compact and light weight with an overall length of 6.25 inches and a weighing in at less than two ounces. The filtration technology is a two stage hierarchical filtration system and a third layer attachment for turbid water with the ability to filter out particles larger than .01 microns. The Survival Straw removes things such as: bacteria, protozoa, cysts, algae, sporesRead MoreThe Field Of Community Mental Health890 Words   |  4 Pagesmental health, where the concept of, â€Å"a job for life† is a ridiculous one. I completely understand that most of those who work in education would consider my previous statement a form of blasphemy, however I still attempt to take up and support my position. The history of education reveals that tenure held a much needed place in the development of education in general. Anyone who understands history at all can imagine a teacher or professor being exiled, ridiculed, or even killed for speakingRead MoreStudy Strategies For Health Education876 Words   |  4 Pagesreluctant to provide personal information regarding their health care, which hinders them to participate in health programs. The focus in the clinical practice would be to reduce health care disparities and address the barriers that affect the individual’s health care outcomes. The most important strategy to promote health education is to be culturally sensitive, which includes as a clinician to have knowledge with social-cultural, religious, healthcare issues, and remove barriers that impede the

Taking a Look at Sex Education - 1727 Words

The first position on this topic is Abstinence-only until marriage sex education should be taught in public schools. According to the heritage foundation, â€Å"teens who abstain from sex have improved life outcomes† (â€Å"Sex Education and Abstinence†). Safe sex can never be guaranteed to be 100% effective. Safe sex only merely reduces the risks while abstinence completely eliminates the risk (Garth 112). Modern sex education techniques are too bold and in turn, desensitize adolescents, encouraging promiscuous behavior. According to researchers Marsiglio and Mott, comprehensive sex education is associated with a rise in sexual activity in teenagers (Richard 22). The United States’ of America boasts the highest teen birth rate of any industrialized nation. The teen birthrate in the U.S. is so high that it almost doubles the United Kingdom’s birth rate and is fifteen times greater than the birth rate of Japan (Garth 115). Lakita Garth is a highly reputed s peaker on many different issues and is one of the leading abstinence advocates in the United States. Garth explains how on her many visits with pregnant teenagers, she learned that none of the teens blamed their pregnancy on their lack of information of contraception. Instead, the girls Garth met with lamented that they were never taught how to live an abstinent lifestyle (115). Only fourteen percent of adolescents are not using contraceptives because of a lack of knowledge or a lack of access to birth control (Garth 115). ForShow MoreRelatedShould Abstinence Only Sex Education?869 Words   |  4 Pagesused sex education approach follows the beliefs of the church (Delamater, J. D. Lecture 9/29/14). The sex negativity of the Christian tradition stems from the philosophies of Stoicism and Neo-Platonism which both enforce that sex is solely for procreation. (Delamater, 2014, p. 483) The Christian belief that abstinence is the only moral way to avoid STIs and pregnancy has led to the i ncorporation of abstinence-only sex education courses in schools. The myth that abstinence-only sex education causesRead MoreShould Sexual Education Be Taught Public Schools?863 Words   |  4 PagesShould Sexual Education be Taught in Public Schools At the expense of leaving students entirely sexually uninformed, public schools efforts or absence of sexual education leaves today’s youth misinformed and at risk to find themselves facing the real harsh realities of STDS and unexpected pregnancies, which could have simply been prevented if they were only given simple protective methods, instructions and guidance. In this day in age where sex sells, teenagers need to be properly educated so theyRead MoreShould Sex Education Be Taught?947 Words   |  4 Pageswhether or not kids should receive sex education in public schools. With rates of teen pregnancy and the spread of sexually transmitted diseases on the rise, it is essential that school aged adolescents receive appropriate sex education courses. Though many parents across the nation believe that it is crucial to curriculum, how much they should be taught and what exactly should be taught is up for dispute. Articles such as â€Å"Abstinence and Abstinence-only Education: A Review of U.S. policies and Programs†Read MoreShould All Schools Adopt More Sex Education?1748 Words   |  7 Pagesmore sex education classes in schools ? Schools are reconsidering of adopting more sex educational classes in all schools mostly in high schools because kids mostly in high schools are making wrong decisions and being sexually active without the right knowledge about situation so that is why more schools are trying to have these type of classes. People believe more sex education classes can decrease sexual risk like teen pregnancy and reduce HIV/AIDS ( â€Å"Pro and Cons of Sex Education in School†)Read MoreEssay on Should Sex Education be Taken Out of Schools?969 Words   |  4 Pagesincreasingly active sex lives. No longer is sex education left to teachers and parents to explain, it is constantly in our faces at the forefront of our society. Regardless of sex education curriculums and debates about possible changes, children and teenagers are still learning everything they think there is to know about sex from very early on in their young lives. However, without responsible adults instructing them on the facts about sex, there are more likely to treat sex in a cavalier and offhandedRead More Abstinence is the Only Effective Method Essay619 Words   |  3 Pages Abstinence is the Only Thing that can Work   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sex outside marriage is at best, wrong; at worst deadly. Todays children are basing their decisions about sex on moral and social values. The accepted moral code is pretty black and white - dont. Our society, however, has always been able to bend the rules to suit the current trend. Right now that trend is, young people shouldnt have sex outside of marriage, but if they do, they should do it safely. Herein lies the problem: Because most adultsRead MorePersuasive Essay On Abortion1656 Words   |  7 Pagescurrently required for a minor to receive an abortion because parents believe young adults are incapable of making such an important decision because they are not mature enough (Maradiegue 2). However, if a young adult is responsible enough to have safe sex, then they should be able to determine if they want an abortion. Parents do not have absolute veto over the young adults decision, but if the young adult wishes to go against their parent’s decision the y must receive approval through a clear and convincingRead MoreSingle Sex Education Is Overall More Effective For Most People1274 Words   |  6 PagesSingle sex education is overall more effective for most people. It helps with multiple aspects of a person s personality. This specific education helps students gain confidence, feel comfortable, and lets students be themselves. It’s no surprise that boys and girls were educated separately in the colonial times (Kennedy). During the 1960s and the 1970s, the number of single sex schools began to decrease. The main reason for this decrease was out of respect for women s rights and equalityRead MoreSingle Sex Education : Single Gender Education1458 Words   |  6 PagesSingle-gender education has become more and more popular in the last few years. There are many people and organizations who like the idea and would like to continue it and other organizations that think single-sex education could make our school systems revert back to a time with gender inequalities. Single sex education breaks down gender stereotypes and in many cases limits distractions for a student in a classroom especially in a student’s teenage years. Opponents to single-gender education claim thatRead MoreSex Education Programs Vs. Abstinence Essay1647 Words   |  7 Pagesissues they have to deal with is the risk of dangerous sexual behaviors and early pregnancies. Sex education programs in schools are clashing over comprehensive-sex education programs versus abstinence-only education programs. Abstinence-only programs not only instill morals, but the program helps prevent sex before marriage, prevents teen pregnancy, and the spread of STDs. The comprehensive-sex education programs helps kids make better decisions when it comes to sexual activity, they help prevent

Tkam Reflection Free Essays

Gem an d Scout have a life head of them that Tactics can look forward too. With this, Attic’s good sense e of morality partially comes from the fact that he has to teach his children the right lesson. If the book went on for another twenty years, I believe that Gem and Scout would have a better life with a better sense of morality that Male would. We will write a custom essay sample on Tkam Reflection or any similar topic only for you Order Now Also, Bob’s bad sense of morality affect De the characters around him and even caused the life of a human. Since, Bob has a poor sense of morality, he does not feel bad blaming his beating of Male on Tom Robinson. Tom was obviously innocent and died trying to escape jail which Bob put him in. In a way, Bob is r expansible for Tom’s death. Did not realism how the morality of someone could be affected and how morality makes a difference on a person before reading To Kill a Mockingbird. Throughout this essay, I had a lot of positives and negatives. I would say had more negatives than positives but eventually worked them out. The easiest part of the essay for me was writing the parts the parts not about the quotes and research. For exam el saying, â€Å"Bob Lowell lives a very poor life with nothing to look forward to. † was a lot easier that n explaining a quote. This is because quotes and evidence were extremely hard to come by when writing this paper. Most of the entrees by scholars I looked through did not explain how morality affected the characters, yet they explained that â€Å"Bob’s sense of morality was not right†. Ho waver, would eventually find a good article such as Laurie Champion’s that explained morale TTY in the book in depth. I also wrote two essays. The first one finished well before the due data but realized I was talking about the wrong information. Deleted most of it and started over. The sees were some challenges and some positives of writing this essay. Learned some interesting facts about myself as a writer when wrote this sees ay. One of the biggest one was the fact that I talk about my opinions and what I have to s ay too much. When started to write this essay, actually wrote the whole thing without maybe on e or quotes. I believed the essay was perfect but I knew I had to add quotes. I learned that I could write a lot eased on what I read throughout doing my research. Also learned that if I pr ovoid myself with an outline, can write the essay a lot smoother. When I started writing the sees ay, I had no idea what points I was going to bring up when talking about the specific topic. I ma De myself an outline and was able to write the essay a lot smoother. If I could go back and fix anything about my essay I would probably add more quotes and evidence. I did not use that many quotes compared to my friends and if I had time would find more information. How to cite Tkam Reflection, Papers

Contract and Procurement Management for Mitigation- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theContract and Procurement Management for Mitigation. Answer: The absence of an effective contract management framework has been observed during the project. The contract management framework which means the execution and monitoring of contract in order to maximize the financial gain from the project as well as maximizing the operational performance during the project were not present during the running of project (Kerzner Kerzner, 2017). Impact: The absence of the effective framework of contract management increased the maverick buying and supply risk. At the same time, it decreased the spend leverage. Spend visibility was unclear because of lack of effective contract management framework. Mitigation: The issues can be mitigated by implementing a proper framework of contract management which will maximize the operational performance. Possible learning: An effective contract management framework is thus an integral part of contract and procurement management. The delay in completion of the project was observed as one of the key issue. Compared to the planned schedule of completing the project which led to the dismissal Judith Carr, who was the Project director of RAH and Deputy Simon Morony replaced his position (Harri McCaffer, 2013). Impact: The effects of the project delay were highly significant. Due to the delay of the project, cost of the project was overruned. At the same time more time was consumed unnecessarily. Moreover, several disputes have been reported. Mitigation: The project delay could have been avoided by an effective strategic plan, extensive use of technology and appropriate cost estimation primarily. Possible learning: in order to mitigate the issues that cause the delay of project, the major causes behind the delay need to be studied. Change governance had a crucial influence on the project management. As the management structure changed completely, the overall management restructured again, which created difficulties in the middle of the project. However the changed governance assured quality of the deliverables (Kerzner Kerzner, 2017). Impact: one of the major impacts of the change of the governance was it assured quality of the deliverables during the project. At the same time, it also had negative impact on the contract and procurement management as it created difficulties cope with the changed governance. Mitigation: the negative effect of the governance change could have been mitigated by making the members of management aware of the changes before changing the governance structure. Possible learning: in order to avoid the negative impacts of the governance change, the members of the management should be aware of the new structure of the governance, before it changes. References Harris, F., McCaffer, R. (2013).Modern construction management. John Wiley Sons. Kerzner, H., Kerzner, H. R. (2017).Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons.

Dear Love free essay sample

No, Im not talking about the movie, or the book. Im talking about the six Ohioans who make up the band. Far outside the mainstream, this group is widely known by hardcore enthusiasts in the heart of the country. Now signed to Rise Records, the band has released their debut album, â€Å"Dear Love: A Beautiful Discord.† This is a breath of fresh air in the cramped world of metalcore. Many groups have jumped on the bandwagon with the genres recent success, copying the likes of As I Lay Dying and offering nothing new. But The Devil Wears Prada rises above and is rewriting all the rules. Through a mix of melodic guitar riffs and devastating breakdowns, this is possibly the most well-balanced band in metalcore. Other aspects of their style separate them from the new crop of metalcore bands, too. The Devil has a rare sixth member, keyboardist James Baney. We will write a custom essay sample on Dear Love or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He adds a new layer and, with guitarists Chris Rubey and Jeremy DePoyster, make the dark music take on an almost epic form. The lyrics are nothing short of genius, either. A large percentage is Christian-based, another innovative feature for a hardcore band. Most songs are based on themes of strength and perseverance as well as the need for forgiveness in the world. They spread a positive message of hope, something once unheard of in the usually gruesome, bloody lyrics of hardcore music. The vocals may seem overshadowed by these other components but are not to be forgotten. The contrast between the almost grindcore screaming and screamo singing is perfect. Songs like â€Å"Texas is South† and â€Å"Modify the Pronunciation† are ideal examples of this style. The menacing, fast-paced growls of lead vocalist Mike Hranica mix seamlessly with DePoysters backup singing. All these elements combine for a spectacular album, but that isnt enough to compete with other hardcore bands live shows are just as imperative to overall success. If possible, the members of The Devil Wears Prada have mastered this too. The high-energy, up-tempo show is probably the best in the business. Their energy keeps the crowd involved and frontman Mike Hranica works wonders controlling the fans. All things considered, The Devil Wears Prada has quickly become one of the greatest and most innovative metalcore bands of all time. Any fan of the genre simply must pick up their album.

Pride And Prejudice Essays (926 words) - Fiction, Literature

Pride and Prejudice Pride and Prejudice On pride and prejudice, which in your opinion comes in for sharper criticism from Austen. Support your answer by referring to specific incidents and episodes. pride n., v., 1. high (or too high) opinion of one's own dignity, importance, worth, etc. 2. the condition or feeling of being proud. 3. a noble sense of what is due to oneself or one's position or character; self respect; self esteem. prejudice n., v., 1. an opinion (usually unfavourable), formed beforehand or without knowledge, thought, or reason. 2. disadvantage resulting from some judgement or action of another. 3. the resulting injury or loss. In my opinion, pride comes in for the sharper criticism by Austen. She has chosen to personify this trait in several characters in "Pride and Prejudice" although it is hard to find one character who portrays prejudice alone, throughout the novel. When prejudice does occur in this novel, Jane Austen has shown it in the hands of a notoriously proud character. Because prejudice is not personified (ie. depicted as a major characteristic flaw) I believe that it was not to be the object of Jane Austen's sharper criticism. Jane Austen has depicted pride in her minor (functional) characters as a means of demonstrating it's importance as a theme of this novel. Lady Catherine is one of the main offenders, her airs, arrogance and pride are fuelled by other characters like Mr Collins who is put there to satire proud people and their followers. Another important character to note is Mr Darcy. He is an extremely important character in this novel, a major character, and I think that the fact that he was perceived to have been 'proud' at the beginning of the novel by the reader, Elizabeth, and the community of the shire, and our perception, along with Elizabeth, of his character, has changed throughout the novel points to Jane Austen's criticism of pride and snobbery (insinuating that once pride is done away with (and along with it, prejudice) a character becomes much more favourable. (Note that Lady Catherine does not sway from her proud arrogant position, from beginning to end of the novel, this partly to provide a contrast between the supposed arrogance of Mr Darcy at the beginning of the novel, and his behaviour by the end.) Throughout this novel we are shown the arrogant and haughty dispositions of the upperclass of this society. (We are also shown the exceptions to the rule, namely Mr Bingley and Miss Darcy.) These people are exceedingly proud of their great fortunes and estates and as a result of the emphasis at that time on monetary issues, they are prejudiced (and commit acts of prejudice) towards their financial, and social, "inferiors". An example of this is the beginning of the novel, the ball, when Mr Darcy snubs Elizabeth Bennet in an act of prejudice. He refuses to dance with her on account of her not being "handsome enough to tempt me." After being described throughout the chapter as being "the proudest, most disagreeable man in the world" because he would not socialise ("he danced only once with Mrs Hurst and once with Miss Bingley, declined being introduced to any other lady, and spent the rest of the evening walking about the room, speaking occasionally to one of his own party") his refusal to dance with Elizabeth Bennet is consistent with the rest of his snobbery and it is logical that he is slighting Elizabeth Bennet because he is excessively proud and does not feel that her handsomeness is worthy of his. Another example of proud character executing prejudice on an "inferior" candidate is Miss Bingley and Mr Darcy's conspiracy against Mr Bingley and Miss Bennet's courtship and inevitable marriage. Together, Mr Darcy and Miss Bingley decide that Mr Bingley and Jane are not suited and therefore should not be married because Jane's background is not worthy of Mr Bingley's rich, socially handsome estate. Firstly, Mr. Darcy influences Bingley to leave Netherfield, then Miss Bingley "fails" to tell him of Jane's prescence in London (although she knows that it would be of great interest to him.) It is because of their pride, and their warp perception of their own, and in this case their brother or friend's pride, that influences to think they would be "doing the right thing" by keeping Jane and Mr. Bingley apart. Lady Catherine's bullyin of Elizabeth (at the end of the novel) in an effort to dissuade her from marrying Darcy is a result of her feeling that her own daughter was entitled to Mr. Darcy more than Elizabeth (who was

Self Healing Plastics essays

Self Healing Plastics essays In June of 2001, the United States Air Force Office of Scientific Research and researchers at the University of Illinois (UI) at Urbana-Champaign, funded by a UI Critical Research Initiatives grant, reported significant progress in the development of a self-healing plastic. AFOSRs Aerospace Materials Science Directorate was the first major funding agency to step forward and award the UI research team a three-year grant in 1999. Without this grant, could not have assembled the required number of people needed to work on this project. This breakthrough substance consists of a microencapsulated healing agent and a special catalyst that are embedded in a structural matrix. The material was designed to increase the reliability and longevity of thermosetting polymers used in applications ranging from microelectronics to aerospace. This new material was inspired by biological systems in which damage triggers an automatic healing process. This new material is being designed to heal itself whenever cracked or broken. The initial results were published in the journal Nature 1 and received extensive national media coverage. The upside to this research for the Air Force is based upon the fact that there are many polymer based composites in aircraft, and they frequently experience structural damage in the form of micro cracks. The cracks are very hard to detect because they form deep within the aircraft and are almost impossible to repair. Therefore with this potential new material the repair process becomes transparent since it begins as soon as a micro crack forms. The hopeful end result is lengthened service life for many new and old aircraft, as well as spacecraft. Usually once a crack has formed inside of a typical polymeric material the structural integrity is greatly reduced. However in this new material once a crack forms, the microcapsules in the structural matrix rupture, and instantly release ...

Community Health Project Part 3-4 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Community Health Project Part 3-4 - Assignment Example lity of 1 percent, by 2030 there could be dependent upon 26.8 million new instances of growth and 17.1 million malignancy deaths consistently, and in addition 80 million individuals living with cancer within 5 years of analysis. In 2007, there were in excess of 12 million new cancer cases, 7.6 million cancer deaths, and in excess of 24 million disease survivors globally. The most well-known cancer diagnosed universally were lung cancer (1.5 million), breast disease (1.3 million), and colorectal cancer (1.2 million). Lung cancer caused roughly (1.45 million deaths) positioned first in the mortality scale, emulated by stomach disease (800,000 deaths), and prostate cancer (680,000 deaths) (Resnick & Thompson, 2000). Among men, the most well-known reasons for disease mortality are lung, stomach, liver, colorectal, throat and prostate; among ladies they are bosom, lung, stomach, colorectal and cervical. This study compels the authorities to look for ways through which they address the problem amicably. As indicated above, rate, prevalence, and survival rates for particular growths uncover much about wellbeing value inside and between nations. This is less clear for poor-prognosis of cancer, for example, pancreatic disease, where generally little is thought about their reasons and the death rates for those diagnosed methodologies 100 percent around the world. Those tumors that are very defenseless to preventive measures, screening, and treatment recount an alternate story. Effortlessly treatable if women experience standard Pap screening cervical cancer is a reasonable situation where optional aversion and treatment can lessen a huge number of deaths of moderately young people around the world. Also, new information on the basic part of the HPV as an immediate reason for cervical growth has prompted improvement of viable immunizations against this disease, which has opened the likelihood of controlling and possibly dispensing with this malady – in any event in ranges

Political Climate of the 1980's Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Political Climate of the 1980's - Essay Example It is wrong to assume that the arms race is over as both the United States and the Russian Federation goes on feverishly producing deadlier and more lethal weapons of mass destruction. The Russian Federation today is under the determined leadership of Vladimir Putin compared to the indisciplined and chaotic days in the aftermath of the Soviet Union, under Boris Yeltsin. Russia today is far more stable and prosperous though much less democratic compared to the days of Yeltsin. Putin as a leader may be strong and determined but he also has a past that worries the west, his reputation of a ruthless KGB officer. It is however felt in many strategic circles that the west too has overlooked its responsibilities and recklessly went ahead with attempts to get the former Warsaw Pact members under the NATO ambit. The Russians have historically resented attempts by the western powers to penetrate their 'Slavic sphere of interest' in Eastern Europe and to this extent it could be said that the west for once could have been a little more measured in its approach.

Current theories and Models of leadership

Current theories and Models of leadership The topics of leadership and organizational culture have attracted considerable interest from both academics and practitioners. In modern World Leadership is taken as the most influencing factor of an Organization. Leaders are those people who make the organization move through definite path towards the success. As the other topics in the field of Organizational Environment, there are numerous numbers of studies and very relative theories on Leadership. The established study of Leadership includes. Trait Theory Group and Exchange Theory Contingency Theory Path-Goal Trait Theory This theory is all about the traits present in a person. The main objective is to recognize those traits which can produce a good leader. As per the ancient scholars The leaders are born not made. A theory called The Great Person Theory gave the right way to more realistic to the trait approach. This says that these traits are not totally in born but a mixture of nature and nurture means that the factors like Physiology, Society, and Economics have a great impact on the trait of a person which can make him a great leader. Group and Exchange Theory These theories have its root in social psychology. It says the leaders must have followers. And they must have some positive exchange between them i.e. Benefits, Rewards and Costs. A recent study indicates that the leader and followers both affect each other in a great impact. Relevant to the Exchange view an approach are there, Leader-Member Exchange approach is in discussion, these says that Leader treats subordinate differently. In precise the both develop a dynamic relationship which affects the behavior of the both. Contingency Theory This can be treated as the extension of the trait theory which deals with the situational aspect of leadership. Numerous situational variables were identified but no solid theory could be formulated. Fred Feeler test the hypothesis, he had formulated from the previous data findings. He develops a contingency model of leadership effectiveness. This contains the relationship between Leadership style and Favorableness of the situation. There are some dimensions: The Leader Member relationship. The degree of the task structure. The Leaders position and power. As per this theory the trainers is taught to diagnosis the situation to change it at optimization leadership style which match the situation. Some of the ways are as follows: Spending more informal time with the follower. Discuss task structure with them. Raise the position power Path Goal Theory This theory has been derived from the motivational theory. The path goal theory attempts to explain the impact of the leader behavior has on subordinate motivation, satisfaction and performance. These are of four major types. Directive Leadership Participative Leadership Achievement oriented Leadership Using these for types on the situational factor the leader attempt to influence subordinates perception and motivation. In other word the leader attempts to make the path to the goal for the subordinate as smooth AS possible. But the leader must depend on the situational variables present. We were been discussing the traditional theories there are some other theories which has immerged most recently: Charismatic Transformational Autocratic Transactional Are some important of theories which are in discussion. Charismatic The sociologist Max Weber described charismatic authority as resting on devotion to the exceptional sanctity, heroism or exemplary character of an individual person, and of the normative patterns or order revealed or ordained by him. Charismatic authority is one of three forms of authority laid out in Webers tripartite classification of authority, the other two being traditional authority and rational-legal authority. The concept has acquired wide usage among sociologists. Charismatic authority is power legitimized on the basis of a leaders exceptional personal qualities or the demonstration of extraordinary insight and accomplishment, which inspire loyalty and obedience from followers. As such, it rests almost entirely on the leader; the absence of that leader for any reason can lead to the authoritys power dissolving. However, due to its idiosyncratic nature and lack of formal organization, charismatic authority depends much more strongly on the perceived legitimacy of the authority than Webers other forms of authority. For instance, a charismatic leader in a religious context might require an unchallenged belief that the leader has been touched by God, in the sense of a guru or prophet. Should the strength of this belief fade, the power of the charismatic leader can fade quickly, which is one of the ways in which this form of authority shows itself to be unstable. In contrast to the current popular use of the term charismatic leader, Weber saw chari smatic authority not so much as character traits of the charismatic leader but as a relationship between the leader and his followers much in the same way that Freud would transform Gustave Le Bons crowd psychology through the notion of identification and of an Ideal of the Ego. The validity of charisma is founded on its recognition by the leaders followers (or adepts A hanger). This recognition is not (in authentic charisma) the grounds of legitimate, but a duty, for those who are chosen, in virtue of this call and of its confirmation, to recognize this quality. Recognition which is, psychologically, a completely personal abandon, full of faith, born either from enthusiasm or from necessity and hope. No prophet has seen his quality Charismatic leadership is leadership based on the leaders ability to communicate and behave in ways that reach followers on a basic, emotional way, to inspire and motivate. We often speak of some sports and political leaders as charismatic (or not) an example being John F. Kennedy. Its difficult to identify the characteristics that make a leader charismatic, but they certainly include the ability to communicate on a very powerful emotional level, and probably include some personality traits. Developing charisma is difficult, if not impossible for many people, but luckily charismatic leadership is not essential to be an effective leader. Many other characteristics are involved in leading effectively, and there is significant evidence to indicate that it simply is not necessary to have this elusive charisma to lead others well. Relying on charisma to lead also can be problematic. For example, there have been many charismatic leaders who lack other leadership characteristics and skills (e.g. integrity) and lead their followers into situations that turn out horribly think political leaders such as Stalin, Hitler, and even business leaders (Enron). Finally, in organizations lead by charismatic leaders, there is a major problem regarding succession. What happens when a leader who relies on charisma leaves? Often the organization founders because the ability to lead rested with one persons charisma. Transformational Transformational leadership is defined as a leadership approach that engenders change in individuals and social systems. In its ideal form, it creates valuable and positive change in the followers with the end goal of developing followers into leaders. Enacted in its authentic form, transformational leadership enhances the motivation, morale and performance of his followers through a variety of mechanisms. These include connecting the followers sense of identity and self to the mission and the collective identity of the organization; being a role model for followers that inspires them; challenging followers to take greater ownership for their work, and understanding the strengths and weaknesses of followers, so the leader can align followers with tasks that optimize their performance. James MacGregor Burns (1978) [1] first introduced the concept of transforming leadership in his descriptive research on political leaders, but this term is now used in organizational psychology as well. According to Burns, transforming leadership is a process in which leaders and followers help each other to advance to a higher level of morale and motivation. Burns related to the difficulty in differentiation between management and leadership and claimed that the differences are in characteristics and behaviors. He established two concepts: transforming leadership and transactional leadership. According to Burns, the transforming approach creates significant change in the life of people and organizations. It redesigns perceptions and values, and changes expectations and aspirations of employees. Unlike in the transactional approach, it is not based on a give and take relationship, but on the leaders personality, traits and ability to make a change through example, articulation of an energizing vision and challenging goals. Transforming leaders are idealized in the sense that they are a moral exemplar of working towards the benefit of the team, organization and/or community. Burns theorized that transforming and transactional leadership was mutually exclusive styles. Now 30 years of research and a number of meta-analyses have shown that transformational and transactional leadership positively predicts a wide variety of performance outcomes including individual, group and organizational level variables The transformational leadership introduces four elements of full range of leadership: Individualized Consideration Intellectual Stimulation Inspirational Motivation Autocratic An autocratic leadership style is one of domination and repression, similar to a dictatorship. This type of leadership maximally founded in an administration of a country. There are historical examples of the disadvantages and oppression of an autocratic leadership style. Adolf Hitler, Joseph Stalin and Fidel Castro are examples of the autocratic leadership style. Hitler and his administration were accountable for the deaths of millions of Jewish people. Stalin killed more than 3 million people through famines, executions and forced labor. Castro has total control over Cubas resources, resulting in food rationing and attempts by numerous residents to flee the country. An autocratic leader tells people what to do, issues orders and expects them to be abide by. It is said to be suitable to use an autocratic leadership style in definite situations in an urgent situation and when only the leader can make the decision. For example, only the leader can decide who to hire fire and promote. If the substitute to being autocratic is participative leadership, then it is clear that employees in most organizations dont have a say in how much the salary should be after getting promoted. Today, leadership still has some ancient and paternalistic fundamentals. We now expect people in charge of us to respect our opinions and to engage us in making important decisions. But we still generally prefer only one person to be in on the whole charge and we want that person to live up to certain paternalistic ideals. This form of leadership, however, is breaking down because there is a clash between the desire for leaders who know what they are doing and the realities of modern complexity and rapid change. The regular way to cheat this predicament is to say that leadership no longer means calling the shots, to say instead that it means being a good facilitator and coach. When leadership is defined as promoting fresh directions and is not connected with position, then there is no longer any such thing as autocratic leadership. Yes, the person in charge of a group can make independent decisions but this is decision-making action, not leadership. On this view, leadership is always based on unofficial pressure or influence. Leadership can also be shown by example. The allusion of this move is that any time an executive makes a decision that affects the groups interests or direction, the executive introduced as a manager but not showing leadership. In other words, leadership cannot be shown by telling people what to do. Still managers need to be autocratic at times, such as emergency and to decide conflict that cannot be resolved in any other way Transactional Transactional leadership is a term used to classify a formally known group leadership theories that inquire the interactions between leaders and followers. A transactional leader focuses more on a series of transactions. These people is interested in looking out for oneself, having exchange benefits with their subordinates and clarify a sense of duty with rewards and punishments to reach goals. Transactional leaders believe that people are motivated by reward or punishment. These leaders give clear instructions to followers about what their expectations are and when those expectations are fulfilled there are rewards in store for them and failure is severely punished. They allocate work to subordinates whether resources are there or absent. Transactional leadership is based in contingency, in that reward or punishment is contingent upon performance. Despite much research that highlights its limitations, Transactional Leadership is still a popular approach with many managers. Indeed, in the Leadership vs. Management spectrum, it is very much towards the management end of the scale. The main limitation is the assumption of rational man, a person who is largely motivated by money and simple reward, and hence whose behavior is predictable. The underlying psychology is Behaviorism, including the Classical Conditioning of Pavlov and Skinners Operant Conditioning. These theories are largely based on controlled laboratory experiments (often with animals) and ignore complex emotional factors and social values. In practice, there is sufficient truth in Behaviorism to sustain Transactional approaches. This is reinforced by the supply-and-demand situation of much employment, coupled with the effects of deeper needs, as in Maslows Hierarchy. When the demand for a skill outstrips the supply, then Transactional Leadership often is insufficient, and other approaches are more effective. The transactional leader works through creating clear structures whereby it is clear what is required of their subordinates, and the rewards that they get for following orders. Punishments are not always mentioned, but they are also well-understood and formal systems of discipline are usually in place. The early stage of Transactional Leadership is in negotiating the contract whereby the subordinate is given a salary and other benefits, and the company (and by implication the subordinates manager) gets authority over the subordinate. When the Transactional Leader allocates work to a subordinate, they are considered to be fully responsible for it, whether or not they have the resources or capability to carry it out. When things go wrong, then the subordinate is considered to be personally at fault, and is punished for their failure (just as they are rewarded for succeeding). The transactional leader often uses management by exception, working on the principle that if something is operating to defined (and hence expected) performance then it does not need attention. Exceptions to expectation require praise and reward for exceeding expectation, whilst some kind of corrective action is applied for performance below expectation. Whereas Transformational Leadership has more of a selling style, Transactional Leadership, once the contract is in place, takes a telling style. Transactional leaders must understand what motivates their employees. Ensure employees understand the reward system and how they can achieve the rewards. Ensure that both reward and punishment systems are in place and are consistently exercised. Provide constructive feedback throughout the work process. Ensure that rewards and recognition are provided in a timely manner. Situational Leadership Theory Paul Hersey and Kenneth Blanchard developed the situational model of leadership relates four different leadership styles to the followers confidence and ability to carry it out. Most of the leadership training programs offered today attempt to help you discover the leadership style you exhibit and make you aware of its strengths and weaknesses.   However, a situational leadership style is not dictated by the leadership skills of the manager. The idea of situational leadership  is more closely tied to using the style needed to be successful given the existing work environment being managed or the specific needs of the business. The effective manager is able to utilize multiple leadership styles as conditions change.   This is the theory behind the concept of situational leadership.   Implementing situational leadership in an organization then becomes a matter of training managers to recognize the current work setting or employee situation and using the most effective leadership style given that specific challenge. For example, delegating work to an employee that is ill prepared to accept that responsibility may result in the impression that the worker is incompetent.   This can lead to frustration for both the manager and worker.   Ironically, in some situations it is actually the managers inability to recognize the most effective leadership style, or refusal to switch styles, that is really the cause of an ineffective workforce. Importance of the Leadership-Performance Relationship During the past four decades, the impact of leadership styles on organizational performance has been a topic of interest among academics and practitioners working in the area of leadership. The style of leadership adopted is considered by some researchers to be particularly important in achieving organizational goals, and in evoking performance among subordinates Despite the widespread recognition of the significance and value of leadership, when studying the leadership literature, it is remarkable that the concept of leadership lacks consistency and agreement. Most of the leadership literature confuses the definition of effective leadership by failing to make clear distinctions in some definitions, such as between leaders and non-leaders, effective and ineffective leaders, as well as overlooking the definition of the levels of leadership Further, there has been limited research that has specifically addressed the relationship between leadership behavior and organizational performanc e. Despite these oversights, it is widely believed that leadership creates the vital link between organizational effectiveness and peoples performance at an organizational level Substantial numbers of management scholars have debated the effectiveness of leadership styles and behaviors In addition, much prior research has examined the assumed leadership-performance relationship, but it has examined a restricted number of leadership paradigms. This implies that different leadership paradigms could affect performance differently, depending on the context. Thus, when researching the leadership-performance relationship, the context needs to be taken into account and more paradigms need to be considered. Moreover, there are methodological problems with most existing studies. The majority of field studies have been cross-sectional in design, and the common-method bias often has been a problem when performance has been Measured Link between Leadership and Organizational Performance Several reasons indicate that there should be a relationship between leadership and performance. The first reason relates to practice. Todays intensive, dynamic markets feature innovation-based competition, Price/performance rivalry, decreasing returns, and the creative destruction of existing competencies. Scholars and practitioners suggest that effective leadership behaviors can facilitate the improvement of performance when organizations face these new challenges Understanding the effects of leadership on performance is also important because leadership is viewed by some researchers as one of the key driving forces for improving a firms performance. Effective leadership is seen as a potent source of management development and sustained competitive advantage for organizational performance improvement. For example, transactional leadership helps organizations achieve their current objectives more efficiently by linking job performance to valued rewards and by ensuring employees have the resources needed to get the job done . Visionary Leaders create a strategic vision of some future state, communicate that vision through framing and use of metaphor, model the vision by acting consistently, and build commitment towards the vision. Some scholars suggest that visionary leadership will result in high levels of cohesion, commitment, trust, motivation, and hence performance in the new organizational environments. According to Mehra when some organizations seek efficient ways to enable them to outperform others, a longstanding approach is to focus on the effects of leadership. This is because team leaders are believed to play a pivotal role in shaping collective norms, helping teams cope with their environments, and coordinating collective action. This leader-centered perspective has provided valuable insights into the relationship between leadership and team performance. Some researchers have started to explore the strategic role of leadership, and investigate how to employ leadership paradigms and use leadership behavior to improve organizational performance. The reason for this is because intangible assets such as leadership styles, culture, skill and competence, and motivation are seen increasingly as key sources of strength in those firms that can combine people and processes and organizational performance. Previous research leads to the expectation that leadership paradigms will have dir ect effects on customer satisfaction, staff satisfaction, and financial performance. However, in general, the effects of leadership on organizational performance have not been well studied, according to House and Adytas review. House and Adyta (1997) criticized leadership studies for focusing excessively on superior-subordinate relationships to the exclusion of several other functions that leaders perform, and to the exclusion of organizational and environmental variables that are crucial to mediate the leadership-performance relationship. A further problem with existing leadership research is that the results depend on the level of analysis. House and Adyta (1997) distinguished micro-level research that focuses on the leader in relation to his or her subordinates and immediate superiors, and macro-level research that focuses on the total organization and its environment. Other scholars also suggest that leaders and their leadership style influence both their subordinates and organizational outcomes. Selection of Leadership development Initiatives The models and competency frameworks detailed in the previous section are, in most cases, used as a basis for the development of leadership and management development provision within organizations as well as appraisal and performance review. It is beyond the scope of this report to offer a detailed review of the associated programmers and the range of leadership and management development initiatives available, however, we would like to introduce a number of approaches that we feel are particularly interesting in the manner in which they seek to develop the behaviors, skills and attitudes of leaders. National and International Learning Experiences: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Development Assignments (Lancaster University Management School) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Transformational Thinking (Manchester University) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Study Tour to Canada (Kings Fund) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Duality Leadership Programmed (University of Birmingham) Action Learning Sets (Nelson and Peddler) Modular Programmes: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Experienced Chief Executives Development Programmed (Kings Fund and Lancaster University Management School) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Drive for Results (Manchester University) Findings Prior to the examination of associations between leadership style, organizational culture, and performance, a phase of data reduction was necessary. The construction of meaningful indices was initiated by the use of principal components analysis with Varian rotation. Factor analysis was deemed necessary since it was considered prudent statistically to ascertain whether the adopted measures of organizational culture and leadership style captured differing dimensions of culture and style. The principal components analysis of items pertaining to organizational culture and items relating to leadership style were conducted individually. It was not necessary to delete items from the analysis due to lack of variation or because of problems of interpretation. Leadership Styles with Examples An autocratic leader is the one who believes in taking all the vital decisions himself. It is the leader who decides how the work has to be done and by whom. Once the decision has been made, there is no scope of any modify. The subordinates simply carry on with the works assigned to them. They are not allowed to give any input on the topic of how they should do their work or perform daily behavior. Every detail is pre-decided by the leader himself. In case some changes in the work agenda have to be made, they are made by the leader without consulting any one else. Autocratic leadership style works well if the leader is proficient and knowledgeable adequate to decide about each and every thing. Reliable is considered one of the most effective leadership styles in case there is some disaster situation and quick decisions need to be taken. If there is no time left for discussion or weighing various options, then this type of leadership style gives the best results. Authoritarian leadership styles examples can be found in the real world in people like Bill Gates and John F Kennedy. Bill Gates followed the authoritarian leadership style and steered Microsoft towards enormous success. According to Bill Gates, he had a vision when he took reins of the company and then used all the resources available to make that vision a reality. His success can be judged from the way personal computers industry has advanced in America today. Participative Participative leadership style involves the leader taking into consideration the opinions of some of his employees before arriving at the final decision. This leadership style earns the leader immense respect and loyalty among his subordinates, as they feel that their opinions matter too. This leadership style is useful for the leader as he gets to see a given situation from all directions, before deciding on the final course of action. This leadership style works really well in situations when the leader does not know everything and he relies on his subordinates knowledge for taking decisions. The biggest advantage of this leadership and management style is that it helps in ascertaining and identifying future leaders among the subordinates. Also, it keeps a teams spirit and morale high, as the team members feel that their opinions are valued by their leader. Heres a participative leadership styles examples An advertising manager approaches his team members on how to promote a particular product of a company. The team members brain storm over the issue, some suggest print media, and others suggest direct mails to the prospective clients. The participative leader takes all these suggestions, weighs their pros and cons and then takes the final decision after considering his team members opinions. Case Study This case is about the charismatic and controversial former captain of the Indian national cricket team, Sourav Ganguly. The case outlines the emergence of Ganguly as a leader, his stunning rise and later fall from grace. Ganguly became the captain of the team in 2000, when it was in a deep crisis. Over the next few years, with the help of the coach John Wright, he soon turned the team into a combative unit. His team building skills, impartiality and, guts displayed in supporting his team members through thick and thin, endeared him to the team. Experts credited him with instilling a sense of aggression in the team. Ganguly soon became the most successful captain in the history of Indian cricket. The case also discusses the fall of Ganguly in 2005 and his public spat with Coach Greg Chappell (Chappell) which led to his exit from the team. Since age was not on his side, few felt that Ganguly could make a comeback into the team. But Ganguly refused to announce his retirement and contin ued to fight to win back his place in the team despite all the odds. In 2000, when Ganguly took over as captain, Indian cricket was at its nadir. The match fixing scandal had taken its toll with some senior players including former captain Mohammed Azharuddin and cricketer Ajay Jadeja being banned from the game. The morale of the team was at an all-time low. The team, considered tigers at home, had just lost its first home series in many years to South Africa. In fact, Ganguly was not the first choice for the captaincy. He got the job as Tendulkar was reluctant to take on the additional responsibility of captaincy. Gangulys problems were compounded in the end of September 2005, when Dalmiya was defeated by Pawar in the BCCI elections. On the same day of winning the elections, Pawar axed the selectors who had been sympathetic to Ganguly. It was widely believed that Gangulys era was over. The selection committee led by more appointed Dravid as captain. In October 2005, Ganguly was dropped from the ODI squad. In November 2005, Ganguly was sacked as captain of the Indian test squad. With the doors to the team being shut, Ganguly was forced to spend time playing domestic cricket. Experts felt that while his audacity and habit of speaking his mind had earned him respect in cricketing circles, they had also served to make him a lot of enemies w The Fighter Refuses to Quit. Despite all the criticism, when Ganguly was dropped from the squad, many Indian fans, especially fans in his home state West Bengal were upset. There was also a sympathy wave for Ganguly. Gangulys fan following knew no national borders. Even in Pakistan, he had a huge fan following though he performed exceedingly well against the archrivals. Whenever I ndian journalists went to Pakistan, the fans asked about Ganguly and expressed their displeasure at how he had been treated by his countrymen. Despite all the criticism, when Ganguly was dropped from the squad, many Indian fans, especially fans in his home state West Bengal were upset. There was also a sympathy wave for Ganguly. Gangulys fan following knew no national borders. Even in Pakistan, he had a huge fan following though he performed exceedingly well against the archrivals. Whenever Indian journalists went to Pakistan, the fans asked about Ganguly and expressed their displeasure at how he had been treated by his countrymen.